Liver Disease & Hepatology

1.A 45-year-old man who consumes alcohol regularly presents with altered sensorium and vomiting of blood since the last two days. He has abdominal distension since the last 8 months

• a) What is the probable diagnosis
• b) Write briefly about the pathophysiology of this condition
• c) Enumerate all the clinical signs of this condition
• d) How do you investigate this patient
• e) How do you treat this patient
• f) What are the complications of this condition

2.A 35-year-old male who is a chronic alcoholic presents with yellowish discolouration of eyes, abdominal distension since six months, lower limb swelling since three months, altered sensorium since two days

• a) What is the probable diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
• b) Enumerate all the clinical signs of this condition.
• c) How do you investigate this patient
• d) How do you treat this patient
• e) What are the complications of this condition

3.40 years old female non-alcoholic developed yellowish discoloration of sclera and urine. She developed vomiting and right hypochondrial pain. Answer the following:  What is your probable diagnosis  How will you confirm the diagnosis  How will you treat this condition  How will you prevent this disease

4.A 45 years old man who is a chronic alcoholic presents with the history of tarry black stools and fresh blood vomiting since 2 days. On examination he is ill looking, pale and has tachycardia. He has ascites but no palpable spleen. His blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg. Answer the following :  What is your likely diagnosis  What steps should be taken immediately in the management  How will you treat this condition  What are the complication of this condition

5.40 year old individual presented with fatigue, weight loss and upper abdominal discomfort. Clinical examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly and ascites. Answer the following: • What other history will you elicit to detect the possible etiology of his disease • What investigations will you do to evaluate his condition • How will you manage this case • What are the complications of this condition

1.Hepatorenal syndrome

1.Hepatitis B infection

1.Newer drugs for hepatitis C

2.Precipitating factors of hepatic encephalopathy

3.Major clinical manifestations of portal hypertension

4.Complications of cirrhosis of liver

5.Hepatitis B infection – serological markers

6.Name two causes for splenomegaly

7.Name two drugs used in chronic hepatitis B infection

8.Clinical features of Budd chiari syndrome

9.Post Exposure prophylaxis in Hepatitis B infection

10.Aetiology of cirrhosis of liver

11.Causes of massive splenomegaly

12.Interpretation of serum albumin plural fluid albumin gradient

13.Interpretation of Serum-Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG). Give two causes of ascites with low SAAG

14.Diagnosis of spontaneous bactertial peritonitis

15.Serological markers of chronic hepatitis B infection