Intracellular Accumulations & Pigments

1.A 49-year-old lady presented with a lump in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. It was about 3cm, firm and immobile. A mammogram done showed stippled calcifications. She underwent FNAC followed by lumpectomy. Gross examination of the specimen showed a 3x2 cm, firm, greyish mass with irregular margins

• a) What is the most likely diagnosis
• b) Explain the risk factors and histopathologic features of this condition
• c) What are the prognostic and predictive factors of this condition

1.Dystrophic calcification

2.Metastatic calcification

3.Types of calcification

4.Differences between dystrophic and metastatic calcification

1.Dystrophic calcification. Answer in single sentence: (4x½=2)

2.Mention two endogenous pigments

3.Define dystrophic calcification with an example

4.Pigment stones

5.What is lipofuscin

1.(A): Metastatic Calcification is seen in Hyperparathyroidism

• (R): Serum calcium levels are normal in dystrophic calcification
• a) Both A & R are correct and R is the reason for A
• b) Both A & R are correct but R is not reason for A
• c) A is correct R is incorrect
• d) A is incorrect R is correct